What does the term "lordosis" refer to?

The term "lordosis" specifically refers to the inward curvature of the spine, particularly in the lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) regions. This condition is characterized by a convex shape that curves towards the anterior of the body, creating a distinct arch. Lordosis is a normal physiological curvature that helps maintain balance and proper posture, contributing to the overall flexibility and strength of the spine.

In contrast, other terms describe different spinal curvatures or conditions. An outward curvature, as mentioned in one of the other options, is known as kyphosis. A sideways curvature is referred to as scoliosis. The alignment of the vertebrae relates more to the overall structure and health of the spine rather than specifically to lordosis. Understanding the definition and context of lordosis helps in grasping the complexities of spinal anatomy and conditions associated with abnormal curvatures.