What is the primary function of intervertebral discs?

Intervertebral discs play a critical role in the spine primarily by absorbing shock and providing cushioning between vertebrae. These discs consist of a gel-like center, known as the nucleus pulposus, surrounded by a tougher outer layer called the annulus fibrosus. This structure allows intervertebral discs to withstand stress and pressure from daily activities such as walking, lifting, and twisting, effectively reducing the impact on the vertebrae.

The cushioning effect of the discs helps prevent damage to the vertebrae and spinal cord, allowing for greater flexibility and range of motion in the spine. This function is essential for maintaining spinal health and mobility, making it vital for overall movement and stability.

While intervertebral discs do contribute to structural support within the spine, their primary purpose is the shock absorption and cushioning that they provide, setting them apart from other structures in the body that serve different functions, such as muscle-to-bone connections or fluid production.