What term describes an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine?

The term that describes an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine is scoliosis. This condition involves a lateral deviation in the spine, often taking on an 'S' or 'C' shape when viewed from the back. Scoliosis can occur in varying degrees of severity and can affect individuals of any age, though it is most commonly diagnosed in adolescents.

Understanding the specific nature of scoliosis is important. It can result from various factors, including congenital conditions, neuromuscular diseases, or idiopathic reasons where the cause is unknown. The abnormal curvature can lead to additional complications such as discomfort, postural issues, and in severe cases, affect respiratory function.

Other terms relevant to spinal conditions highlight different issues. Lordosis refers to an exaggerated inward curvature of the spine, typically in the lumbar region, while kyphosis involves an excessive outward curvature, often seen in the thoracic region. Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal that can lead to nerve compression but does not specifically describe curvature. Understanding these distinctions helps in recognizing the diverse range of spinal disorders.